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From Neural Networks to Logical Theories: The Correspondence between Fibring Modal Logics and Fibring Neural Networks

El Harzli, O., Cuenca Grau, B., d'Avila Garcez, A. ORCID: 0000-0001-7375-9518 , Horrocks, I. & Besold, T. R. (2026). From Neural Networks to Logical Theories: The Correspondence between Fibring Modal Logics and Fibring Neural Networks. In: The Fourteenth International Conference on Learning Representations. The Fourteenth International Conference on Learning Representations - ICLR 2026, 23 Apr 2026, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Abstract

Fibring of modal logics is a well-established formalism for combining countable families of modal logics into a single fibred language with common semantics, characterized by fibred models. Inspired by this formalism, fibring of neural networks was introduced as a neurosymbolic framework for combining learning and reasoning in neural networks. Fibring of neural networks uses the (pre-)activations of a trained network to evaluate a fibring function computing the weights of another network whose outputs are injected back into the original network. However, the exact correspondence between fibring of neural networks and fibring of modal logics was never formally established. In this paper, we close this gap by formalizing the idea of fibred models compatible with fibred neural networks. Using this correspondence, we then derive non-uniform logical expressiveness results for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), Graph Attention Networks (GATs) and Transformer encoders. Longer-term, the goal of this paper is to open the way for the use of fibring as a formalism for interpreting the logical theories learnt by neural networks with the tools of computational logic.

Publication Type: Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Additional Information: © The Authors. Published by ICLR. This is an open-access conference paper distributed under the terms of Creative Commons: Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Departments: School of Science & Technology
School of Science & Technology > Department of Computer Science
SWORD Depositor:
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