City Research Online

Abstract

This study assesses the structural behaviour of steel-concrete composite beams with elliptically-based web openings under hogging moments. A finite element model is developed and validated using ABAQUS software. A parametric study is conducted, considering variations in the opening key geometric parameters, hogging moment distribution, unrestrained length, and cross-section dimensions. The predictive accuracy of existing design standards—such as ABNT NBR 8800:2024 and prEN 1994-1-1:2024—for LDB is evaluated based on different approaches for calculating the elastic critical moment (Mcr). The results indicated that the hogging moment distribution significantly influenced the resistance, with uniform hogging moments representing the most critical scenario. I-section with more slender flanges and webs enhance LDB resistance but may lead to web-post yielding and buckling. Using Mcr obtained from linear buckling analysis improved ultimate moment predictions, when combined with the specific case reduction factor from EC3, generally outperformed other methods despite some non-conservative results. Between code-based procedures, the ABNT NBR 8800:2024 showed better agreement with numerical predictions than prEN 1994-1-1:2024 using the general case. Additionally, a numerical study comparing composite beams with elliptically-based and circular web openings was carried out, revealing that under gradient hogging moment, elliptically-based web openings exhibited on average 2.33% higher load-bearing capacity and stiffness.

Publication Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2026. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Publisher Keywords:	Steel-Concrete Composite Beams; Elliptically-Based Web Openings; Hogging Moment; Lateral-Distortional Buckling; Finite Element Analysis
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Departments:	School of Science & Technology School of Science & Technology > Department of Engineering
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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