City Research Online

Abstract

This thesis is concerned with the study of special types of photonic crystal fibers (spiral) and their optical properties. The work is carried out using simulation techniques to obtain the modal field profile and properties for the designs. The method used in solving the Maxwell’s equations is the full vectorial finite element method with the implementation of penalty function and perfectly matched layer. The penalty function is used to eliminate nonphysical solutions. The perfectly matched layer is integrated to absorb rays of light traveling away from the core. These rays are absorbed by the layer and do not reflect back to negatively influence the results.

The spiral shapes are implemented in the distribution of the holes in the cladding region of the photonic crystal fiber to determine the photonic crystal fiber properties. Three different spirals have been introduced which are equiangular, Archimedean and Fermat’s spiral. The study of the effective refractive index, effective area and dispersion with varying spiral parameters have been carried out and the results are analyzed to understand the effect of each parameter. The variation of similar parameters in the spirals leads to similar variation in the optical properties under consideration.

Furthermore, the equiangular spiral photonic crystal fibers (ES-PCF) have been investigated in two different dimensional scales. The scales are in comparison with the wavelength of operation in the first case when core size is larger than the operating wavelength. In this case the total dispersion of the fiber has slightly higher values than the material dispersion but similar curve and slope. On the other hand, when the core size is comparable with the wavelength of operation, the dispersion is varying significantly with varying the spiral parameters. The effective area can be made very small and therefore the nonlinearity of the fiber very large to facilitate non-linear applications such as super continuum generation.

The equiangular spiral photonic crystal fiber has been modified slightly where the position of holes in the third ring are shifted further from the center and their size is much bigger. This manipulation is proposed in an algorithm in this thesis to facilitate the fabrication of ES-PCF using an adaptive stack and draw technique. The design shows similar optical behavior to an ideal spiral and its dispersion has been tailored for supercontinuum generation.

Publication Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Departments:	Doctoral Theses School of Science & Technology > Engineering School of Science & Technology > School of Science & Technology Doctoral Theses

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