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Abstract

Embedded systems are increasingly based on multi-core platforms to accommodate a growing number of applications, some of which have real-time requirements. Resources, such as off-chip DRAM, are typically shared between the applications using memory interconnects with different arbitration polices to cater to diverse bandwidth and latency requirements. However, traditional centralized interconnects are not scalable as the number of clients increase. Similarly, current distributed interconnects either cannot satisfy the diverse requirements or have decoupled arbitration stages, resulting in larger area, power and worst-case latency. The four main contributions of this article are: 1) a Globally Arbitrated Memory Tree (GAMT) with a distributed architecture that scales well with the number of cores, 2) an RTL-level implementation that can be configured with five arbitration policies (three distinct and two as special cases), 3) the concept of mixed arbitration policies that allows the policy to be selected individually per core, and 4) a worst-case analysis for a mixed arbitration policy that combines TDM and FBSP arbitration.We compare the performance of GAMT with centralized implementations and show that it can run up to four times faster and have over 51 and 37 percent reduction in area and power consumption, respectively, for a given bandwidth.

Publication Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Publisher Keywords:	Real-time systems, Globally Arbitrated Memory Tree, GAMT, Shared memory, Latency-rate Servers, Mixed-Time-Criticality, Scalability
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Departments:	School of Science & Technology
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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