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Ramke, J., Evans, J. R., Habtamu, E. , Mwangi, N., Silva, J. C., Swenor, B. K., Congdon, N., Faal, H. B., Foster, A., Friedman, D. S., Gichuhi, S., Jonas, J. B., Khaw, P. T., Kyari, F., Murthy, G. V. S., Wang, N., Wong, T. Y., Wormald, R., Yusufu, M., Taylor, H., Resnikoff, S., West, S. K., Burton, M. J., Aghaji, A., Adewole, A. T., Csutak, A., Salam, A. S., Paduca, A., Bron, A. M., Denniston, A. K., Lazo Legua, A., Halim, A., Tefera, A. W., Mwangi, A., Jenkins, A. J., Davis, A., Meddeb-Ouertani, A., Wali, A. H., Palis, A. G., Bastos de Carvalho, A., Joshi, A., Kreis, A. J., Mueller, A., Bastawrous, A., Cooper, A., Smith, A. F., Grzybowski, A., Arvind, A., Karanu, A. M., Orlina, A. O., Burnett, A., Yashadhana, A., Abeydeera, A. P., Abdurakhmanova, A., Mohamed, A., Bacchav, A., Bernhisel, A., Webson, A. W., Azuara-Blanco, A., Hossain, A., Ilhan, B., Assumpta Lucienne, B., Tousignant, B., Shamanna, B. R., Wiafe, B., Mueller, B., Caglar, C., Mpyet, C., Abraham, C. H., Cheung, C. Y., Thiel, C. L., Jan, C. L., Emedike, C., Chuluunkhuu, C., Chinyere, C., Henein, C., Gilbert, C. E., Bascaran, C., Nitulescu, C. E., Patel, D., Bachani, D., Kiage, D., Etya'ale, D., Dahdal, D., Woo Lawson, D., Godin, D., Nkanga, D. G., Ondeyo, D. M., O'Brien, D., Mutie, D. M., Alalawi, E. S. K., Mayorga, E., Bin Hashim, E., Ashrafi, E., Kishiki, E. A., Kurian, E., D'Esposito, F., Masila, F., Pena, F. Y., Büsch, F., Topouzis, F., Bandello, F., Oyediji, F. J., Thumann, G., Ezz Elarab, G., Kitema, G. F., Schlenther, G., Fefoame, G. O., Cochrane, G. M., Laganovska, G., Awan, H. R., Ansari, H. M., Philippin, H., Burn, H., Dimaras, H., Filipe, H. P., Monye, H. I., Kandel, H., Randrianarisoa, H. L., Jones, I., Murdoch, I. E., Fabian, I. D., Khan, I. A., Sharma, I. P., Elbeih, I., Mactaggart, I., Pastor, J. C., Keunen, J. E. E., Ohuma, J. A., Pithuwa Nirwoth, J., Hammou, J., Vianna, J. R., Biao, J-E., Burr, J. M., Keenan, J. D., Blijkers, J., Black, J. M., Barbosa Breda, J., Furtado, J. M., Buchan, J. C., Lawrenson, J. ORCID: 0000-0002-2031-6390, Kempen, J. H., Ehrlich, J. R., Stern, J., Zhang, J. H., Keskinbora, K. H., Knoll, K. M., Blanchet, K., Schmid, K. L., Ono, K., Ogundimu, K., Balo, K., Somda, K. P., Yeboah, K., Amissah-Arthur, K. N., Nasehi, L., Øverland, L., Vijaya, L., Keay, L., Hamm, L. M., Mowatt, L., Harrison-Williams, L. C. M., Silva, L., Bilotto, L., Mörchen, M., Rabiu, M., Zondervan, M., Chagunda, M., Sandinha, M. T., Yee Melgar, M., Salas Vargas, M., Daniell, M. D., Katibeh, M., Broom, M., Collins, M. E., Alp, M. N., Kwarteng, M. A., Belkin, M., Gichangi, M., Sylvanowicz, M., Wu, M., Cano, M. R., Shalaby, M., Duggal, M., Khairallah, M., Batur, M., Bikbov, M. M., Ramappa, M., Pamarathi, N., Khachatryan, N., Muhammad, N., Kennedy, N., Murray, N., Beare, N. A. V., Astbury, N., Carnt, N. A., St Rose, N. A., Barker, N. H., Pehere, N. K., Uche, N. J., Lois, N., Awe, O. O., Mujica, O. J., Okolo, O. E., Rani, P. K., Ruamviboonsuk, P., Ndiaye, P. A., Dhakhwa, P., Rozsival, P., Mbulawa, P. K., Keane, P. A., Jones, P. R., Holland, P., Nukella, P. B., Burgess, P. I., O'Dwyer, P. A., Piyasena, P., Bastola, P., Morjaria, P., Nasimee, Q., Rambacal, R. A. T., Das, R., Khandekar, R. B., Azad, R., Bashshur, R., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Oenga, R., Gurung, R., Geneau, R., Jacobs, R. J., Finger, R. P., Guymer, R. H., Sevciuc, R., Khanna, R. C., George, R., Graham, R., Kawasaki, R., Ho, S. M., Mishra, S. K., Buttan, S., Block, S. S., Talero, S., Yoon, S., Joseph, S., Safi, S., Dodson, S., Munoz, S. R., Bakayoko, S., Mohammadi, S. F., Muez, S. A., Pardhan, S., Hopkins, S., Sheu, S-J., Coulibaly, S. M., Schellini, S. A., Arunga, S., Bush, S. R., Sivaprasad, S., Salomao, S. R., Marmamula, S., Onwubiko, S. N., Misra, S. L., Kuyyadiyil, S., Kulkarni, S., khanal, S., Yasmin, S., Pavljasevic, S. N., Gilbert, S. S., Braithwaite, T., Ghidirimschi, T., Ravilla, T., Fricke, T. R., Cogliati, T., Kassa, T., Peto, T., Dibb, U., Lansingh, V. C., Hu, V. H., Sheffield, V. M., Mathenge, W., Dean, W. H., Nolan, W., Hiratsuka, Y., Mahsood, Y. J. & Sapkota, Y.view all authors (2022). Grand Challenges in global eye health: a global prioritisation process using Delphi method. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 3(1), e31-e41. doi: 10.1016/s2666-7568(21)00302-0

Abstract

Background
We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations.

Methods
Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists.

Findings
Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity.

Interpretation
This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges

Publication Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license which has been published in The Lancet Healthy Longevity by Elsevier, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00302-0.
Subjects:	R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RE Ophthalmology
Departments:	School of Health & Psychological Sciences > Optometry & Visual Sciences
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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