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Abstract

The chemistry and industrial applications of inorganic tin compounds are reviewed and the use of these derivatives as coal liquefaction catalysts has been investigated. The formation, structure and composition of coal is discussed and a survey of the literature on the use of tin compounds in coal liquefaction carried out.

A series of tin (IV) and tin (II) compounds has been prepared as models for the tin species formed within a range of tin-impregnated coals. These include tin (IV) tetrahalide adducts of aromatic and aliphatic ethers, SnX4 .nROR1 , chlorotin (IV) derivatives, Cln Sn( OR ) 4 _ n , such as the novel diethylamine adduct SnCl2 (OSiPh3 ) 2 .Et2 NH, tin (II) benzoate, Sn(O.CO.Ph)2 and tin (II) ( β -naphthoate ), Sn(O.CO.C1 0 H7 )2 .

A range of coals from different sources were impregnated with tin (IV) and tin (II) compounds and their Mossbauer spectra compared with the model compounds, in order to determine which species were formed in-situ. For each coal, it was found that the uptake of tin reached a saturation level and this was correlated with the moisture content of the coal for tin (IV) chloride and with the ether type groups present for tin (II) chloride.

The use of tin (II) octoate/as catalyst for the liquefaction of Morwell coal did not improve the yield of liquid products. However, this tin compound was active in the removal of sulphur. Mossbauer studies have shown that in the final residue which remained after the liquefaction, the tin was partially present as tin (II) sulphide. Alumina-supported tin catalysts were found to be active in the hydrocracking of Point of Ayr coal, the yields being comparable with those obtained for a Co-Mo catalyst.

Finally, in view of the recent interest in the Pharmaceutical properties of tin compounds, a number of the model compounds synthesised in these investigations have been evaluated as potential anti-tumour agents, using the P388 Leukaemia and B16 Murine Melanoma test systems.

Publication Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry
Departments:	School of Science & Technology School of Science & Technology > School of Science & Technology Doctoral Theses Doctoral Theses

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