Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards for Interventions That Use Artificial Intelligence (CHEERS-AI)
Elvidge, J., Hawksworth, C., Avşar, T. S. , Zemplenyi, A., Chalkidou, A., Petrou, S., Petykó, Z., Srivastava, D. 
ORCID: 0000-0001-5135-3592, Chandra, G., Delaye, J., Denniston, A., Gomes, M., Knies, S., Nousios, P., Siirtola, P., Wang, J., Dawoud, D., Arbour, S., Asche, C., Ashurst, C., Balkanyi, L., Bennett, H., Boros, G., Boyce, R., Carswell, C., Chaiyakunapruk, N., Chhatwal, J., Ciani, O., Collins, G., Dawson, D., Vanness, D., Di Bidino, R., Faulding, S., Felizzi, F., Haig, M., Hawkins, J., Hiligsmann, M., Holst-Kristensen, A. W., Isla, J., Koffijberg, E., Kostyuk, A., Krief, N., Lee, D., Lee, K., Lundin, D., Markiewicz-Barreaux, K., Mauskopf, J., Moons, K., Németh, B., Petrova, G., Pwu, R-F. J., Rejon-Parrilla, J. C., Rogers, G., Sampson, C., Springborg, A. A., Steuten, L., Sutherland, E., Suutala, J., Theisen, D., Thompson, A., van Gemert-Pijnen, L., Walker, T. & Wilson, E. (2024).
Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards for Interventions That Use Artificial Intelligence (CHEERS-AI).
Value in Health, 27(9),
pp. 1196-1205.
doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.05.006
Abstract
Objectives: Economic evaluations (EEs) are commonly used by decision makers to understand the value of health interventions. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS 2022) provide reporting guidelines for EEs. Healthcare systems will increasingly see new interventions that use artificial intelligence (AI) to perform their function. We developed Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards for Interventions that use AI (CHEERS-AI) to ensure EEs of AI-based health interventions are reported in a transparent and reproducible manner.
Methods: Potential CHEERS-AI reporting items were informed by 2 published systematic literature reviews of EEs and a contemporary update. A Delphi study was conducted using 3 survey rounds to elicit multidisciplinary expert views on 26 potential items, through a 9-point Likert rating scale and qualitative comments. An online consensus meeting was held to finalize outstanding reporting items. A digital health patient group reviewed the final checklist from a patient perspective.
Results: A total of 58 participants responded to survey round 1, 42, and 31 of whom responded to rounds 2 and 3, respectively. Nine participants joined the consensus meeting. Ultimately, 38 reporting items were included in CHEERS-AI. They comprised the 28 original CHEERS 2022 items, plus 10 new AI-specific reporting items. Additionally, 8 of the original CHEERS 2022 items were elaborated on to ensure AI-specific nuance is reported.
Conclusions: CHEERS-AI should be used when reporting an EE of an intervention that uses AI to perform its function. CHEERS-AI will help decision makers and reviewers to understand important AI-specific details of an intervention, and any implications for the EE methods used and cost-effectiveness conclusions.
| Publication Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This article is available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license and permits non-commercial use of the work as published, without adaptation or alteration provided the work is fully attributed. |
| Publisher Keywords: | artificial intelligence, CHEERS checklist, health economic evaluation, reporting guideline |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine T Technology > T Technology (General) |
| Departments: | School of Health & Psychological Sciences School of Health & Psychological Sciences > Healthcare Services Research & Management |
| SWORD Depositor: |
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.
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