City Research Online

Abstract

Heart failure is a hidden health crisis affecting over one million people in the UK, with 400,000 cases remaining undiagnosed. Unlike the dramatic heart attacks portrayed in films, heart failure develops gradually when the heart becomes too weak to pump blood effectively around the body. The condition presents with three key symptoms—known as the three 'F's—that are easily mistaken for normal aging: 'Fighting for Breath' (breathlessness when climbing stairs or walking to shops), 'Fluid Retention' (swollen ankles and needing extra pillows to sleep), and 'Fatigue' (persistent tiredness that doesn't improve with rest). Many people dismiss these warning signs as being "out of shape" or getting older, leading to dangerous delays in diagnosis. Alarmingly, 80% of cases are only discovered when patients require emergency hospital treatment. While heart failure primarily affects people over 65, younger adults in their 40s and 50s are increasingly being diagnosed. Key risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, previous heart attacks, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor diet. However, early detection can transform outcomes dramatically. When caught early, effective treatments including medications can significantly improve quality of life, reduce hospital admissions, and help people live longer, more independent lives. The British Society for Heart Failure's "Detect the Undetected: Find Me" campaign aims to save 10,000 lives annually by encouraging people to recognise these subtle warning signs and seek medical help promptly rather than waiting for a crisis to develop.

Publication Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in British Journal of Cardiac Nursing, copyright © MA Healthcare, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/toc/bjca/current
Subjects:	R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Departments:	School of Health & Medical Sciences School of Health & Medical Sciences > Nursing
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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