City Research Online

Abstract

Background: Generative artificial intelligence is now embedded in how many healthcare students learn. Tools provide rapid explanations, summaries, and practice questions, but use does not equal AI literacy, particularly where accuracy, medication
safety, and guideline alignment matter.
Objective: To describe the current use of generative AI by Physician Associate students and outline a practical approach to teaching critical AI literacy.
Methods: The educational evaluation comprised three activities: (1) a baseline survey of students about use and attitudes, (2) an embedded compare-and-critique session in applied pharmacology, in which small groups assessed AI answers against trusted
UK sources, including BNF and NICE guidance, followed by a short post session survey, and (3) reflective conversations with two students to contextualize use within problem-based learning.
Results: In the cohort survey (n = 40), use for learning was near universal (39 of 40, 98%). Most students were extremely confident using AI for learning (27 of 40, 68%) despite limited prior training (5 of 40, 13%). Students most valued summarizing
complex topics (38 of 40) and generating revision questions (34 of 40). After the compare-and-critique session (n = 26), 24 of 26 (92%) reported greater awareness of the need to check accuracy and reliability when using AI or online resources. Students
described using AI to reduce overwhelm and turn learning outcomes into manageable steps, while emphasizing verification against trusted sources across academic and clinical contexts.
Conclusions: Students are already using AI at scale. The educational priority is to help learners calibrate trust, verify outputs against credible sources, and preserve depth of understanding. A compare-and-critique session offers a scalable entry point, but
AI literacy should be embedded across the curriculum and linked to professional judgement.

Publication Type:	Article
Departments:	Professional Services > Learning, Enhancement and Development
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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