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Promoting environmentally sustainable food purchases in online grocery shopping: insights from a pilot randomised controlled field trial

Bentil, H., Oyebode, O., Scarborough, P. , Thompson, C., Brock, J. ORCID: 0000-0003-0489-4534, Clark, M., White, M. & van Rens, T. (2025). Promoting environmentally sustainable food purchases in online grocery shopping: insights from a pilot randomised controlled field trial. BMC Research Notes, 18(1), article number 294. doi: 10.1186/s13104-025-07370-5

Abstract

Objective
It remains unclear which interventions are effective in promoting more environmentally sustainable food choices within online grocery shopping environments. We set out to (1) use a plug-in (browser extension) to implement a pilot randomised controlled trial of eco-labels providing information on the environmental impact of specific food products, and (2) collect data to inform a larger trial investigating the effectiveness of eco-labels and other interventions promoting environmentally sustainable online food purchases. The plug-in was custom-built and active on a large UK supermarket website, accessed using the Google Chrome browser on a desktop or laptop.

Results
Of the 504 participants screened, 161 met eligibility criteria and were invited to participate in the study. 57 of these downloaded the plug-in (23 in the control group, 34 in the intervention group), of which 22 shopped at least once over the 1-month trial. There was no significant difference in average eco-score of purchases between the control and intervention groups (mean ± SD: 32 ± 13 vs. 41 ± 14; p = 0.22). 69/161 eligible participants responded to a follow-up survey and suggested technical support, reminders, greater incentives, and more information about eco-labels were needed for the full trial. We showed that it is feasible to evaluate online grocery shopping interventions without the collaboration of a supermarket using a web browser extension.

Trial registration
This pilot trial was not registered, as its main purpose was to test the implementation of the plugin and gather data useful for planning the main trial, which is registered under ISRCTN18800054 as of 27/03/2024.

Publication Type: Article
Additional Information: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Publisher Keywords: Eco-labels, Sustainable food purchases, UK, Online grocery shopping
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Departments: School of Health & Medical Sciences
School of Health & Medical Sciences > Department of Global, Public & Population Health & Policy
SWORD Depositor:
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