City Research Online

Abstract

This thesis aims to explore nature-inspired sensing and flight control mechanisms and investigate improvements in UAV stability and control through their application. The research focuses on two key aspects of natural flight: the aerodynamic adaptations and morphing strategies seen during high-speed flight of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), and the nature of flow sensing found in avian, mammal and insect flight. The first study compares wind-tunnel and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data obtained from models of the falcon. The key findings from this work showed that the wing morphing strategies during the manoeuvre maximise vortex lift—akin to delta-wing lift theory—while also balancing marginal instability to enhance manoeuvrability. The subsequent studies focus more on the sensing strategies of natural fliers. A set of flexible pillar sensors were developed to mimic the small-scale flow sensors found in nature. In the second study, it was shown that even a single row of optically tracked sensors could provide information on instantaneous airspeed and angle of attack by monitoring the relative mean deflections of the sensors. Additionally, low-frequency oscillations—indicative of imminent flow separation—were detected through temporal analysis. The final study applied a full array of such sensors to a realistically washed-out simulated UAV wing section. Monitoring reversed deflections and mean chordwise deflection throughout the array enabled characterisation of localised flow. The dynamics of the sensors were investigated and validated against Time-Resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (TR-PIV) data and the findings demonstrated that using only optically monitored flexible pillar sensors, information about local aerodynamic behaviour is inferred that could be used in the control of fly-by-feel type UAVs. The work presented in this thesis sets the stage for exploring improving agility, energy efficiency, and responsiveness contributing toward bridging the gap between biological and engineered flight by offering practical aerodynamic insights for future UAV design.

Publication Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
Departments:	School of Science & Technology > Department of Engineering School of Science & Technology > School of Science & Technology Doctoral Theses Doctoral Theses

Export

Downloads