Article

Duncan, E. M., Charani, E., Clarkson, J. E., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Gillies, K., Grimshaw, J. M., Kern, W. V., Lorencatto, F., Marwick, C. A., McEwen, J., Moehler, R., Morris, A., Ramsay, C. R., Van Katwyk, S. R., Rzewuska, M., Skodvin, B., Smith, I. K. ORCID: 0000-0003-1524-9880, Suh, K. N. and Davey, P. (2020). A behavioural approach to specifying interventions: what insights can be gained for the reporting and implementation of interventions to reduce antibiotic use in hospitals?. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 75(5), pp. 1338-1346. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkaa001

Presseau, J., McCleary, N., Lorencatto, F., Patey, A. M., Grimshaw, J. M. and Francis, J ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895 (2019). Action, actor, context, target, time (AACTT): a framework for specifying behaviour. Implementation Science, 14(1), 102.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-019-0951-x

Squires, J. E., Aloisio, L. D., Grimshaw, J. M., Bashir, K., Dorrance, K., Coughlin, M., Hutchinson, A. M., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Michie, S., Sales, A., Brehaut, J., Curran, J., Ivers, N., Lavis, J., Noseworthy, T., Vine, J., Hillmer, M. and Graham, I. D. (2019). Attributes of context relevant to healthcare professionals' use of research evidence in clinical practice: a multi-study analysis. Implementation Science, 14, doi: 10.1186/s13012-019-0900-8

Grimshaw, J. M., Ivers, N., Linklater, S., Foy, R., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Gude, W. T. and Hysong, S. J. (2019). Reinvigorating stagnant science: Implementation laboratories and a meta-laboratory to efficiently advance the science of audit and feedback. BMJ Quality and Safety, 28, pp. 416-423. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008355

Bosch, M., McKenzie, J. E., Ponsford, J. L., Turner, S., Chau, M., Tavender, E. J., Knott, J. C., Gruen, R. L., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Brennan, S. E., Pearce, A., O'Connor, D. A., Mortimer, D., Grimshaw, J. M., Rosenfeld, J. V., Meares, S., Smyth, T., Michie, S. and Green, S. E. (2019). Evaluation of a targeted, theory-informed implementation intervention designed to increase uptake of emergency management recommendations regarding adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury: results of the NET cluster randomised trial. Implementation Science, 14, p. 4. doi: 10.1186/s13012-018-0841-7

Patey, A. M., Hurt, C. S. ORCID: 0000-0003-1571-0040, Grimshaw, J. M. and Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895 (2018). Changing behaviour 'more or less'-do theories of behaviour inform strategies for implementation and de-implementation? A critical interpretive synthesis. Implementation Science, 13(1), 134.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-018-0826-6

Gould, N. J., Lorencatto, F., During, C., Rowley, M., Glidewell, L., Walwyn, R., Michie, S., Foy, R., Stanworth, S. J., Grimshaw, J. M. and Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895 (2018). How do hospitals respond to feedback about blood transfusion practice? A multiple case study investigation. PLoS ONE, 13(11), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206676

Rzewuska, M., Charani, E., Clarkson, J. E., Davey, P., Duncan, E. M., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Gillies, K., Kern, W. V., Lorencatto, F., Marwick, C. A., McEwen, J., Möhler, R., Morris, A., Ramsay, C. R., Van Katwyk, S. R., Skodvin, B., Smith, I., Suh, K. N., Grimshaw, J. M. and JPIAMR (Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance, (2018). Prioritising research areas for antibiotic stewardship programmes in hospitals: a behavioural perspective consensus paper. Clinical Microbiology Infection, doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.08.020

Graham-Rowe, E., Lorencatto, F., Lawrenson, J. ORCID: 0000-0002-2031-6390, Burr, J. M., Grimshaw, J. M., Ivers, N. M., Presseau, J., Vale, L. D., Peto, T., Bunce, C. V. and Francis, J. (2018). Barriers to and enablers of diabetic retinopathy screening attendance: a systematic review of published and grey literature. Diabetic Medicine, doi: 10.1111/dme.13686

Lawrenson, J. ORCID: 0000-0002-2031-6390, Graham-Rowe, E., Lorencatto, F., Rice, S., Bunce, C. V., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Burr, J. M., Aluko, P., Vale, L. D., Peto, T., Presseau, J., Ivers, N. M. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2018). What works to increase attendance for diabetic retinopathy screening? An evidence synthesis and economic analysis. Health Technology Assessment, 22(29), doi: 10.3310/hta22290

Lawrenson, J., Graham-Rowe, E., Lorencatto, F., Burr, J. M., Bunce, C. V., Francis, J., Aluko, P., Rice, S., Vale, L. D., Peto, T., Presseau, J., Ivers, N. M. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2018). Interventions to increase attendance for diabetic retinopathy screening. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2018(1), CD012054. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012054.pub2

Presseau, J., Mackintosh, J., Hawthorne, G., Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Johnston, M., Grimshaw, J. M., Steen, N., Coulthard, T., Brown, H., Kaner, E. F. S., Elovainio, M. and Sniehotta, F. F. (2018). Cluster randomised controlled trial of a theory-based multiple behaviour change intervention aimed at healthcare professionals to improve their management of type 2 diabetes in primary care. Implementation Science, 13, 65.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-018-0754-5

Lawrenson, J., Graham-Rowe, E., Lorencatto, F., Presseau, J., Burr, J. M., Ivers, N. M., Quartilho, A., Bunce, C. V., Francis, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Peto, T., Rice, S. and Vale, L. (2017). Interventions to increase attendance for diabetic retinopathy screening. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(1), CD012054. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012054

Patey, A. M., Curran, J., Sprague, A. E., Francis, J., Driedger, S. M., Legare, F., Lemyre, L., Pomey, M. P. A. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2017). Intermittent auscultation versus continuous fetal monitoring: Exploring factors that influence birthing unit nurses' fetal surveillance practice using theoretical domains framework. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 17(1), 320.. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1517-z

Hartley, S., Foy, R., Walwyn, R., Cicero, R., Farrin, A., Francis, J., Lorencatto, F., Gould, N., Grant-Casey, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Glidewell, L., Michie, S., Morris, S., Stanworth, S. and Programme, AFFINITIE (2017). The evaluation of enhanced feedback interventions to reduce unnecessary blood transfusions (AFFINITIE): protocol for two linked cluster randomised factorial controlled trials. Implementation Science, 12, 84.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0614-8

Atkins, L., Francis, J., Islam, R., O'Connor, D., Patey, A. M., Ivers, N. M., Foy, R., Duncan, E. M., Colquhoun, H., Grimshaw, J. M., Lawton, R. and Michie, S. (2017). A guide to using the Theoretical Domains Framework of behaviour change to investigate implementation problems. Implementation Science, 12(1), 77.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0605-9

Lorencatto, F., Gould, N., McIntyre, S. A., During, C., Bird, J., Walwyn, R., Cicero, R., Glidewell, L., Hartley, S., Stanworth, S., Foy, R., Grimshaw, J. M., Michie, S., Francis, J. and AFFINITIE programme, . (2016). A multidimensional approach to assessing intervention fidelity in a process evaluation of audit and feedback interventions to reduce unnecessary blood transfusions: a study protocol. Implementation Science, 11(1), 163.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-016-0528-x

Wilson, B. J., Islam, R., Francis, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Permaul, J. A., Allanson, J. E., Blaine, S., Graham, I. D., Meschino, W. S., Ramsay, C. R. and Carroll, J. C. (2016). Supporting genetics in primary care: investigating how theory can inform professional education. European Journal of Human Genetics, 24(11), pp. 1541-1546. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.68

Presseau, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Tetroe, J., Eccles, M. P., Francis, J., Godin, G., Graham, I. D., Hux, J. E., Johnston, M., Legare, F., Lemyre, L., Robinson, N. and Zwarenstein, M. (2016). A theory-based process evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial of printed educational messages to increase primary care physicians' prescription of thiazide diuretics for hypertension [ISRCTN72772651]. Implementation Science, 11, 121.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-016-0485-4

Graham-Rowe, E., Lorencatto, F., Lawrenson, J., Burr, J. M., Grimshaw, J. M., Ivers, N. M., Peto, T., Bunce, C. V., Francis, J. and WIDeR-EyeS Project team, . (2016). Barriers and enablers to diabetic retinopathy screening attendance: Protocol for a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 5(1), 134.. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0309-2

Webster, F., Weijer, C., Todd, L., Grimshaw, J. M., Marshall, A. P., Cook, D., MacLennan, G., Cuthbertson, B. H. and Francis, J. (2016). The ethics of future trials: qualitative analysis of physicians' decision making. Trials, 17(12), doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-1137-8

Zwarenstein, M., Grimshaw, J. M., Presseau, J., Francis, J., Godin, G., Johnston, M., Eccles, M. P., Tetroe, J., Shiller, S., Croxford, R., Kelsall, D., Paterson, J. M., Austin, P. C., Tu, K., Yun, L. and Hux, J. E. (2016). Printed educational messages fail to increase use of thiazides as first-line medication for hypertension in primary care: a cluster randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN72772651]. Implementation Science, 11(1), 124.. doi: 10.1186/s13012-016-0486-3

Squires, J. E., Graham, I. D., Hutchinson, A. M., Michie, S., Francis, J., Sales, A., Brehaut, J., Curran, J., Ivers, N. M., Lavis, J., Linklater, S., Fenton, S., Noseworthy, T., Vine, J. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2015). Identifying the domains of context important to implementation science: a study protocol. Implementation Science, 10(35), doi: 10.1186/s13012-015-0325-y

French, S. D., Green, S. E., Francis, J., Buchbinder, R., O'Connor, D. A., Grimshaw, J. M. and Michie, S. (2015). Evaluation of the fidelity of an interactive face-to-face educational intervention to improve general practitioner management of back pain. BMJ Open, 5(6), e007886. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007886

Grimshaw, J. M., Presseau, J., Tetroe, J., Eccles, M. P., Francis, J., Godin, G., Graham, I. D., Hux, J. E., Johnston, M., Legare, F., Lemyre, L., Robinson, N. and Zwarenstein, M. (2014). Looking inside the black box: results of a theory-based process evaluation exploring the results of a randomized controlled trial of printed educational messages to increase primary care physicians' diabetic retinopathy referrals [Trial registration number ISRCTN72772651]. Implementation Science, 9, p. 86. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-9-86

Gould, N. J., Lorencatto, F., Stanworth, S., Michie, S., Prior, M. E., Glidewell, L., Grimshaw, J. M. and Francis, J. (2014). Application of theory to enhance audit and feedback interventions to increase the uptake of evidence-based transfusion practice: an intervention development protocol. Implementation Science, 9, p. 92. doi: 10.1186/s13012-014-0092-1

Bosch, M., McKenzie, J. E., Mortimer, D. S., Tavender, E. J., Francis, J., Brennan, S. E., Knott, J., Ponsford, J., Pearce, A., O'Connor, D. A., Grimshaw, J. M., Rosenfeld, J. V., Gruen, R. L. and Green, S. E. (2014). Implementing evidence-based recommended practices for the management of patients with mild traumatic brain injuries in Australian emergency care departments: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Trials, 15, p. 281. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-281

Presseau, J., Hawthorne, G., Sniehotta, F. F., Steen, N., Francis, J., Johnston, M., Mackintosh, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Kaner, E. F. S., Elovainio, M., Deverill, M., Coulthard, T., Brown, H., Hunter, M. and Eccles, M. P. (2014). Improving Diabetes care through Examining, Advising, and prescribing (IDEA): protocol for a theory-based cluster randomised controlled trial of a multiple behaviour change intervention aimed at primary healthcare professionals. Implementation Science, 9, p. 61. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-9-61

Ivers, N. M., Sales, A. E., Colquhoun, H., Michie, S., Foy, R., Francis, J. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2014). No more 'business as usual' with audit and feedback interventions: towards an agenda for a reinvigorated intervention. Implementation Science, 9, p. 14. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-9-14

Francis, J. ORCID: 0000-0001-5784-8895, Duncan, E. M., Prior, M. E., MacLennan, G., Marshall, A. P., Wells, E. C., Todd, L., Rose, L., Campbell, M. K., Webster, F., Eccles, M. P., Bellingan, G., Sepplet, I. M., Grimshaw, J. M. and Cuthbertson, B. H. (2014). Comparison of four methods for assessing the importance of attitudinal beliefs: An international Delphi study in intensive care settings. British Journal of Health Psychology, 19(2), pp. 274-291. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12066

Ivers, N. M., Tu, K., Young, J., Francis, J., Barnsley, J., Shah, B., Upshur, R., Moineddin, R., Grimshaw, J. M. and Zwarenstein, M. (2013). Feedback GAP: pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial of goal setting and action plans to increase the effectiveness of audit and feedback interventions in primary care. Implementation Science, 8, p. 142. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-8-142

French, S. D., McKenzie, J. E., O'Connor, D. A., Grimshaw, J. M., Mortimer, D., Francis, J., Michie, S., Spike, N., Schattner, P., Kent, P., Buchbinder, R., Page, M. J. and Green, S. E. (2013). Evaluation of a Theory-Informed Implementation Intervention for the Management of Acute Low Back Pain in General Medical Practice: The IMPLEMENT Cluster Randomised Trial. PLoS ONE, 8(6), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065471

McKenzie, J. E., French, S. D., O'Commor, D. A., Mortimer, D. S., Browning, C. J., Russell, G. M., Grimshaw, J. M., Eccles, M. P., Francis, J., Michie, S., Murphy, K., Kossenas, F. and Green, S. E. (2013). Evidence-based care of older people with suspected cognitive impairment in general practice: protocol for the IRIS cluster randomised trial. Implementation Science, 8(91), doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-8-91

Islam, R., Tinmouth, A., Francis, J., Brehaut, J., Born, J., Stockton, C., Stanworth, S., Eccles, M. P., Cuthbertson, B. H., Hyde, C. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2012). A cross-country comparison of intensive care physicians' beliefs about their transfusion behaviour: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework. Implementation Science, 7, 93.. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-7-93

Hawthorne, G., Hrisos, S., Stamp, E., Elovainio, M., Francis, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hunter, M., Johnston, M., Presseau, J., Steen, N. and Eccles, M. P. (2012). Diabetes care provision in UK primary care practices. PLoS One, 7(7), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041562

Patey, A. M., Islam, R., Francis, J., Bryson, G. L. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2012). Anesthesiologists' and surgeons' perceptions about routine pre-operative testing in low risk patients: application of the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify factors that influence physicians' decisions to order pre-operative tests. Implementation Science, 7, 52 - ?.

Bussières, A. E., Patey, A. M., Francis, J., Sales, A. E. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2012). Identifying factors likely to influence compliance with diagnostic imaging guideline recommendations for spine disorders among chiropractors in North America: a focus group study using the Theoretical Domains Framework. Implementation Science, 7(82),

Eccles, M. P., Hrisos, S., Francis, J., Stamp, E., Johnston, M., Hawthorne, G., Steen, N., Grimshaw, J. M., Elovainio, M., Presseau, J. and Hunter, M. (2011). Instrument development, data collection and characteristics of practices, staff and measures in the Improving Quality of Care in Diabetes (iQuaD) study. Implementation Science, 6, 61 - ?.

Walker, B. F., French, S. D., Page, M. J., O'Connor, D. A., McKenzie, J. E., Beringer, K., Murphy, K., Keating, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Michie, S., Francis, J. and Green, S. E. (2011). Management of people with acute low-back pain: a survey of Australian chiropractors. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies, 19(1), 29 - ?.

McKenzie, J. E., O'Connor, D. A., Page, M. J., Mortimer, D. S., French, S. D., Walker, B. F., Keating, J. L., Grimshaw, J. M., Michie, S., Francis, J. and Green, S. E. (2010). Improving the care for people with acute low-back pain by allied health professionals (the ALIGN trial): A cluster randomised trial protocol. Implementation Science, 5, 86 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-5-86

Ivers, N. M., Tu, K., Francis, J., Bransley, J., Shah, B., Upshur, R., Kiss, A., Grimshaw, J. M. and Zwarenstein, M. (2010). Trial of Goal-setting and Action-Plans to increase the effectiveness of audit and feedback interventions in primary care. Study protocol. Implementation Science, 5, 98 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-5-98

Francis, J., Johnston, M., Robertson, C., Glidewell, L., Entwistle, V., Eccles, M. P. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2010). What is an adequate sample size? Operationalising data saturation for theory-based interview studies. Psychology & Health, 25(10), pp. 1229-1245. doi: 10.1080/08870440903194015

Cuthbertson, B. H., Francis, J., Campbell, M. K., Seppelt, I., Macintyre, L. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2010). A study of the perceived risks, benefits and barriers to the use of SDD in adult critical care units (The SuDDICU study). Trials, 11, 117 - ?.

Clarkson, J. E., Ramsay, C. R., Eccles, M. P., Eldridge, S., Grimshaw, J. M., Johnston, M., Michie, S., Treweek, S., Walker, A. E., Young, L., Black, I., Bonetti, D., Cassie, H., Francis, J., MacKenzie, G., MacPherson, L., McKee, L., Pitts, N., Rennie, J., Stirling, D., Tilley, C., Torgerson, C. and Vale, L. D. (2010). The translation research in a dental setting (TRiaDS) programme protocol. Implementation Science, 5, 57 - ?.

Eccles, M. P., Hawthorne, G., Johnston, M., Hunter, M., Steen, N., Francis, J., Hrisos, S., Elovainio, M. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2009). Improving the delivery of care for patients with diabetes through understanding optimised team work and organisation in primary care: Study protocol. Implementation Science, 4, 22 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-4-22

Francis, J., Tinmouth, A., Stanworth, S., Grimshaw, J. M., Johnston, M., Hyde, C., Brehaut, J., Stockton, C., Fergusson, D. and Eccles, M. P. (2009). Using theories of behaviour to understand transfusion prescribing in three clinical contexts in two countries: Development work for an implementation trial (protocol). Implementation Science, 4, 70 - ?.

Hrisos, S., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Francis, J., Kaner, E. F. S., Steen, N. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2008). Developing the content of two behavioural interventions. Using theory-based interventions to promote GP management of upper respiratory tract infection without prescribing antibiotics #1. BMC Health Services Research, 8, 11 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-8-11

Francis, J., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Whitty, P., Grimshaw, J. M., Kaner, E. F. S., Smith, L. and Walker, A. E. (2008). Explaining the effects of an intervention designed to promote evidence-based diabetes care: a theory-based process evaluation of a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial. Implementation Science, 3, 50 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-3-50

McKenzie, J. E., French, S. D., O'Connor, D. A., Grimshaw, J. M., Mortimer, D. S., Michie, S., Francis, J., Spike, N., Schattner, P., Kent, P. M., Buchbinder, R. and Green, S. E. (2008). IMPLEmenting a clinical practice guideline for acute low back pain evidence-based manageMENT in general practice (IMPLEMENT): cluster randomised controlled trial study protocol. Implementation Science, 3, 11 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-3-11

Hrisos, S., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Francis, J., Kaner, E. F. S., Steen, N. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2008). An intervention modelling experiment to change GPs' intentions to implement evidence-based practice: using theory-based interventions to promote GP management of upper respiratory tract infection without prescribing antibiotics #2. BMC Health Services Research, 8, 10 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-8-10

Grimshaw, J. M., Zwarenstein, M., Tetroe, J., Godin, G., Graham, I. D., Lemyre, L., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Francis, J., Hux, J. E., O'Rourke, K., Legare, F. and Presseau, J. (2007). Looking inside the black box: a theory-based process evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial of printed educational materials (the Ontario printed educational message, OPEM) to improve referral and prescribing practices in primary care in Ontario, Canada. Implementation Science(2), 38.. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-2-38

Francis, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Zwarenstein, M., Eccles, M. P., Shiller, S., Godin, G., Johnston, M., O'Rourke, K., Presseau, J. and Tetroe, J. (2007). Testing a TheoRY-inspired MEssage ('TRY-ME'): a sub-trial within the Ontario Printed Educational Message (OPEM) trial. Implementation Science, 2, 39.. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-2-39

Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Hrisos, S., Francis, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Steen, N. and Kaner, E. F. S. (2007). Translating clinicians' beliefs into implementation interventions (TRACII): A protocol for an intervention modeling experiment to change clinicians' intentions to implement evidence-based practice. Implementation Science, 2, 27.. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-2-27

Foy, R., Bamford, C., Francis, J., Johnston, M., Lecouturier, J., Eccles, M. P., Steen, I. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2007). Which factors explain variation in intention to disclose a diagnosis of dementia? A theory-based survey of mental health professionals. Implementation Science, 2, 31 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-2-31

Foy, R., Francis, J., Johnston, M., Eccles, M. P., Lecouturier, J., Bamford, C. and Grimshaw, J. M. (2007). The development of a theory-based intervention to promote appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia. BMC Health Services Research, 7, 207 - ?. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-7-207

Monograph

Francis, J., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Walker, A. E., Grimshaw, J. M., Foy, R., Kaner, E. F. S., Smith, L. and Bonetti, D. (2004). Constructing questionnaires based on the theory of planned behaviour: A manual for health services researchers. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Centre for Health Services Research, University of Newcastle upon Tyne.