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Abstract

Background
Participatory arts‐based (PAB) programmes refer to a diverse range of community programmes involving active engagement in the creation process that appear helpful to several aspects of children's and young people's (CYP) mental health and well‐being. This mixed‐methods systematic review synthesises evidence relating to the effectiveness and mechanisms of change in PAB programmes for youth.

Method
Studies were identified following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses approach. Eleven electronic databases were searched for studies of PAB programmes conducted with CYP (aged 4–25 years), which reported mental health and well‐being effectiveness outcomes and/or mechanisms of change. A mixed‐methods appraisal tool assessed study quality. A narrative synthesis was conducted of effectiveness and challenges in capturing this. Findings relating to reported mechanisms of change were integrated via a metasummary.

Results
Twenty‐two studies were included. Evidence of effectiveness from quantitative studies was limited by methodological issues. The metasummary identified mechanisms of change resonant with those proposed in talking therapies. Additionally, PAB programmes appear beneficial to CYP by fostering a therapeutic space characterised by subverting restrictive social rules, communitas that is not perceived as coercive, and inviting play and embodied understanding.

Conclusions
There is good evidence that there are therapeutic processes in PAB programmes. There is a need for more transdisciplinary work to increase understanding of context–mechanism–outcome pathways, including the role played by different art stimuli and practices. Going forward, transdisciplinary teams are needed to quantify short‐ and long‐term mental health and well‐being outcomes and to investigate optimal programme durations in relation to population and need. Such teams would also be best placed to work on resolving inter‐disciplinary methodological tensions.

Publication Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Publisher Keywords:	Mental health, well-being, young people, participatory arts, mechanisms of change, metasummary
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services
Departments:	School of Communication & Creativity School of Communication & Creativity > Performing Arts
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic Administrator

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